Coursdu4Octobre - La forge du curriculum

Cours du 4 Octobre

La première paiite du livre "Science en action"
Notre controverse (quels énoncés- qui fera quoi)

Notes du cours du 24 octobre; Science in action notes

Part 1 -shifts in Janus

Intro- Janus – deux visages un qui sait un qui ne sait pas encore technoscience + First rule of method no preconceptions, follow the making of facts (pricipel of symmetry) watch the closure of the black boxes..see how this is done (between two contradicotry explanations (-janus) explanations

Chapter 1 LITERATURE

Part A-controversies positive and negative modalities

when someones utters a statement what happens when the others believe it or do not believe it. BY ITSELF A GIVEN SENTENCE IS NEITHER A FACT NOR A FICTION. IT IS MADE SO BY OTHERS LATER ON . (the collective fate of fact-making)

in this part of the book we will observe to what extremes a naive outsider who wishes to disbelieve a sentence is led positive and negative modalities (qualifiers)

1.positive leads away form its conditions of production-making it solid enough to rendre some other consequences necessary (no ownership, construction, time place) 2.negative -leads to conditions of production and that explain in detail why it is solid or weak

Part B when controversies flare up the literature becomes technical- “technicalities” Rhetoric

bring in friends -argument from authority

former texts – a question of numbers

perfunctory references

context of citation (how one text acts on others to make them more in keeping with its claims

paradigm (Kuhn-the structure of scientific revolutions) -a most solid point

simple rules: weaken your enemies-, paralyse those you canot weaken,help your allies, ensure safe communications, oblige your enemies to fight (divide and conquer), if you are not sure you can win be humble and understated

get cited in the next generation of papers

one can be criticized, misquoted or ignored

Part C -writing texts that withstand

stratified texts -become more technical-layered-articles fortify themselves

show what the text says -words to figures -the visual

not from the argument of Nature but form authorities to more authorities- to still greater numbers

positioning tactics

layers -induction (form small to big) spell the layers out staging and framing

imagine your semiotic characters (all potential objectors) -what kind of trials will be required -

what is really interesting and what is admittedly disputable

Captation

leave someone completely free AND obedient? show there is only ONE way to go..flows freely but in a deep enough valley..more and more black boxes induce readers to move far away from what they were ready to accept at first
when such a result is attained it is said to be LOGICAL

SECOND RULE OF METHOD (first-study facts in the making)

not to look for intrinsic qualities of a given statement but instead to look for all the transformations it undergoes later in others hands (consequence of first principle- the fate of facts and machines is in the hands of later users)

1.look at the stage 2.who are trying to make something MORE of a fact and less of a fact 3.which direction is the claim pushed

Survol

act-writing as opposed to fiction writing – limits readings to : giving up, going along, working through (re-enacting everything IS possible but)
the more technical -the more social since the numbers of associations increase..more social than normal social ties

Chapter 2 LABORATORIES -where the papers are said to originate

From texts to “things”

Let me show you- Inscriptions (think of ALL the models)

clean, redrawn, displayed end result of a long process a hybrid emerging form an instrument

now longer not just asked to believe the text we read in Nature , we aer asked ot believe our own eyes. not only the image but what the image is made of

on the other hand we see less -it could be otherwise (made)

nature not beneath the article, it is there indirectly at best

instrument - an inscription device (a graph of the inflation rate)